tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-43163738085520809542024-03-04T20:08:18.563-08:00Healthy LivingBlog which contains about how to live healthy, wide variety of diseases and treatments, and information about world health.Healthy Livinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13765618353644060052noreply@blogger.comBlogger11125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4316373808552080954.post-34779750094398133992011-10-21T00:36:00.000-07:002011-10-21T00:36:05.503-07:00The Symptoms Of Leukemia: The Spot Before It's Too Late<div class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-LpuZo7MAxIpCfLOuqzcJk9ixcaTDyj5SYMQcGOA-DIAWcZpOZ-8Vpk2cgqC3S_ybHtUYala51nwixibnpmMRDExhJmyus0kQtUn1JQgoJDq4hwKGm1RVaIkEAvoieNQzPkPZ0WNPK08/s1600/740px-Symptoms_of_leukemia.svg.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="259" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-LpuZo7MAxIpCfLOuqzcJk9ixcaTDyj5SYMQcGOA-DIAWcZpOZ-8Vpk2cgqC3S_ybHtUYala51nwixibnpmMRDExhJmyus0kQtUn1JQgoJDq4hwKGm1RVaIkEAvoieNQzPkPZ0WNPK08/s320/740px-Symptoms_of_leukemia.svg.png" width="320" /></a><b>Leukemia is a cancer</b> that is very common today. He does not choose who attacks men, women, children, adults, Caucasian, African American, Asian, Hispanic - we are all at risk. According to the latest survey, almost 44 000 people will be diagnosed with<b> leukemia</b> in 2010. It is now 2011. However, the progress we have had in the area of health and medicine, the result of<b> leukemia</b> is promising. Now there is a significant increase in survival rate - just over 50 percent. This may not be a very large number for you, but compared to the 1970 when he was only a chance of survival of 14 percent, 50 percent is almost as free of the disease. Do you agree?</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b>Leukemia</b> survive depends largely on the severity of the disease when diagnosed. As you might guess, the early diagnosis of <b>leukemia</b> may provide a better prognosis compared to late detection. Knowing what <b>symptoms</b> to consider would be a great help to get treatment as soon as possible. The following are common <b>symptoms of leukemia</b>:</div><div class="MsoNormal">• Fever and recurrent infections. The reason for this is that <b>leukemia</b>, you do not have a mature white blood cells to fight against foreign bodies. Do not have a good defense system to protect you from invading viruses.</div><div class="MsoNormal">• Fatigue. <b>Leukemia</b> is a disease with a massive production of abnormal white blood cells. These cells would take a lot of space and prevents the production of other cell types. Since the production of red blood cells is decreased by the process, the delivery of oxygen to your various systems would also be decreased. This is what causes fatigue.</div><div class="MsoNormal">• Bleeding and / or bruising. Bleeding, when linked to cancer, is painless. The same goes with the bruises. Normal bruise would offer to the touch. Bruising, as related to <b>leukemia</b>, there is no pain. Platelets are responsible for clotting, decreased <b>leukemia</b>. This causes bleeding and bruising.</div><div class="MsoNormal">• petechiae. They are tiny, rash-like spots found on the skin. Unlike the rash, but no itching petechiae. This is caused by a rupture of capillaries and a decreased number of platelets.</div><div class="MsoNormal">• Pain. All types of cancer have pain. In case of <b>leukemia,</b> bone or joint pain. This should not be confused with <b>symptoms</b> of bone cancer, however. The pain of bone cancer is caused by compression of the nerves due to tumor growth. In <b>leukemia</b>, is the pain caused by the overpopulation of cells in the bone marrow.</div><div class="MsoNormal">There are many other <b>symptoms of leukemia</b>, but the above would be the most common element. If you encounter one of these, contact your doctor immediately. If you get treatment early stages of the disease, there is the possibility that cancer cells can be destroyed, and you must be one of the few survivors who were alive to tell the story of the fight to the death.</div>Healthy Livinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13765618353644060052noreply@blogger.com9tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4316373808552080954.post-2685146998139179322011-09-29T05:52:00.000-07:002011-09-29T05:56:10.337-07:00How to Diagnose and Treat Lymphoma Cancer?<link href="file:///C:%5CUsers%5Ccr7%5CAppData%5CLocal%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_filelist.xml" rel="File-List"></link><link href="file:///C:%5CUsers%5Ccr7%5CAppData%5CLocal%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_themedata.thmx" rel="themeData"></link><link href="file:///C:%5CUsers%5Ccr7%5CAppData%5CLocal%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_colorschememapping.xml" rel="colorSchemeMapping"></link> <m:smallfrac m:val="off"> <m:dispdef> <m:lmargin m:val="0"> <m:rmargin m:val="0"> <m:defjc m:val="centerGroup"> <m:wrapindent m:val="1440"> <m:intlim m:val="subSup"> <m:narylim m:val="undOvr"> </m:narylim></m:intlim> </m:wrapindent><style>
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<div class="MsoNormal"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSQwXM2m1sHi63WBvIZA6mzVHagkyZrnqTti_soaV74ASm-jeKO27wEZI9TcTPO_cAaveNko9J056JMU78AmgUJU0DtQ8QJoQbxmjxV0sauT4Hr2d4GXaAuA9vB8SP5lhgyRENqyiwXVk/s1600/lymphatic.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSQwXM2m1sHi63WBvIZA6mzVHagkyZrnqTti_soaV74ASm-jeKO27wEZI9TcTPO_cAaveNko9J056JMU78AmgUJU0DtQ8QJoQbxmjxV0sauT4Hr2d4GXaAuA9vB8SP5lhgyRENqyiwXVk/s320/lymphatic.gif" width="270" /></a></div>The <b>lymphatic </b>system is a tubular structure that connects all parts of the body and is essential to combat infections. Lymph is a colorless fluid containing white blood cells (lymphocytes) and is carried by the <b>lymphatic </b>system.</div><div class="MsoNormal">There are different types of ,<b>lymphoma cancer</b> and therefore, in response to a question, how to diagnose and treat <b>lymphoma</b> is a big challenge. The most common type of<b> lymphoma </b>and the term is used interchangeably Hodgkin's disease and other types are known as non-Hodgkin lymphoma</div><div class="MsoNormal">Diagnosis:</div><div class="MsoNormal">Although there are several symptoms of cancer of lymphoma, but they can mimic any other disease, it is difficult to suspect the diagnosis of<b> lymphoma.</b></div><div class="MsoNormal">Some symptoms are:</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span>Swollen lymph nodes</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span>Feeling tired</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span>Weight Loss</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span>Recurrent fever</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span>Night sweats</div><div class="MsoNormal">Once the patient has symptoms, he / she can consult a doctor who can perform the diagnostic procedure to confirm the disease. The diagnosis is based on:</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span>Complete physical examination of the patient</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span>Complete survey personal and family history</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span>Physically examine the lymph nodes to present all the anomalies</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span>The biopsy test to confirm malignancy in lymph nodes present</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span>The chest radiograph to verify any enlarged lymph nodes in the chest</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span>Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT)</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span>Ultrasound Studies</div><div class="MsoNormal">After the diagnosis is cancer and lymphoma is confirmed, then the patient may undergo further tests to detect the exact stage of the disease.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;"><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9pt;">Cancer Treatment:</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 24pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9pt;">Radiation Therapy - Powerful x-rays or any such radiations may be used to treat the<b> lymphoma</b> <b>cancer.</b> The radiations are directed to kill the abnormal cancerous cells either by internal or external radiation therapy. However, pregnant women are not eligible for radiation therapy until delivery.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 24pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 24pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9pt;">Chemotherapy - This therapy uses <b>anti-cancer</b> drugs to destroy the malignant cells in the lymph system. The therapy may be administered through mouth, intravenously or placing directly into the cerebrospinal fluid. Although, chemotherapy may be observed in pregnant women, close watch is required to see any danger to the fetus.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 24pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 24pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9pt;">Vaccine Therapy - This is a new treatment technique used to <b>treat lymphoma</b>. This technique aims at strengthening body's immunity to fight the cancerous cells. The medications used are directed to restore the immune system and boost its defense against the malignancies.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 24pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 24pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9pt;">High-dose chemotherapy in combination with stem cell transplant is another <b>treatment</b> option lately being considered. The technique is to replace the destroyed blood-forming stem cells in the patient with the donor stem cells.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9pt;"><b>Lymphoma cancer</b> is type of cancer that affects the lymph system of the body. There are around 35 and more types of this cancer. Hence, how to diagnose and <b>treat lymphoma cancer</b> is a challenge for medical professionals. Like any other cancer, early detection and prompt treatment are vital.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
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</div>Healthy Livinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13765618353644060052noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4316373808552080954.post-17960550495426067172011-09-21T19:59:00.000-07:002011-09-21T19:59:18.083-07:007 FAQs About Breast Cancer<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIqq-1Koxq3b7HQA_rhab9e3rkWCCKnfW5E233LPgMNte5BHivtrXjRm2ajFkPr4vANE7nMjcSgJx_ZoNXqC0Tn5hdxdZW5A5ua9ewXfZrH3af1QiHuXgDXeIAV50ro-BCE-KeXYQKcgc/s1600/images.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="233" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIqq-1Koxq3b7HQA_rhab9e3rkWCCKnfW5E233LPgMNte5BHivtrXjRm2ajFkPr4vANE7nMjcSgJx_ZoNXqC0Tn5hdxdZW5A5ua9ewXfZrH3af1QiHuXgDXeIAV50ro-BCE-KeXYQKcgc/s320/images.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 7.1pt 14.2pt; text-indent: 0cm;"><b><br />
</b></div><div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 7.1pt 14.2pt; text-indent: 0cm;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b>1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span><!--[endif]-->What is the breast cancer?</b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b>Breast cancer</b> is a malignant tumor derived from breast tissue. Malignancy itself is a group of <b>cancer</b> cells to invade surrounding tissues and can also spread to other parts of the body that are not directly related to the affected area.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 14.2pt; text-indent: 0cm;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b>2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span><!--[endif]-->How does it occur?</b></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 14.2pt;">This disease is caused by a mutation or abnormal changes in our genes that trigger <b>cancer</b> cell growth. Generally what happens in our bodies is that when old cells die, they will be replaced with new ones. If a mutation occurs, cells grow and multiply rapidly out of control to form a tumor. The malignant tumor is what we call <b>cancer.</b></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 14.2pt; text-indent: 0cm;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b>3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span><!--[endif]-->What are the warning signs?</b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 14.2pt;">One of the most common symptoms of the disease is the presence of a breast lump. Abnormal growths can also be found in the lymph nodes under the armpit. Other symptoms include a change in the size, shape and sensitivity of the breast, nipple inversion, skin dimpling, and clear or bloody discharge from the nipple.</div><div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 14.2pt; text-indent: 0cm;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b>4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span><!--[endif]-->I have my family history of breast cancer. Can I inherit the disease?</b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 14.2pt;">Any woman or man can be afflicted by the disease, regardless of family history. Although the real history of family increases your risk of getting <b>cancer</b>, in fact, only 10-15% of cases of <b>breast cancer</b> are expected to be caused by an inherited gene mutation. About 80% of women who are diagnosed with the disease have no family history of disease.</div><div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 14.2pt; text-indent: 0cm;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b>5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span><!--[endif]-->What factors can increase the risk of contracting cancer?</b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 14.2pt;">The disease can be caused by several factors, including gender, age, race, and birth and breastfeeding. Women aged 55 or older or those who give birth for the first time after age 30 are more likely to have<b> cancer</b>. United States, white women are also more likely than African American women. On the other hand, Aboriginal women's risk of American, Asian and Latin American lower.</div><div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 14.2pt; text-indent: 0cm;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b>6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span><!--[endif]-->Is that also occur in men?</b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 14.2pt;">The disease can also occur in men, but very rarely. But the cases of <b>breast cancer</b> in men tend to be more serious due to delays in diagnosis.</div><div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 14.2pt; text-indent: 0cm;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b>7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span><!--[endif]-->I am a recently diagnosed with cancer. Is there a cure? What are my chances of survival?</b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 14.2pt;">The survival of the disease depends largely on what stage is less. The sooner it is detected, can be cured. Thanks to modern medical technology, new diagnostic techniques provide a more accurate diagnosis. A patient may undergo treatments such as hormone therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiotherapy or surgery, depending on the type and stage of <b>cancer.</b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 14.2pt;"><b>Breast cancer</b> is the second most common <b>cancer</b> and the second most deadly in women. Visit our site to learn more about <b>cancer</b> as well.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; tab-stops: 14.2pt;"><br />
</div>Healthy Livinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13765618353644060052noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4316373808552080954.post-85274910574315991102011-09-21T05:34:00.000-07:002011-09-21T05:34:58.699-07:00About Pleural Mesothelioma<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-ibhDXSBM0E7XXeYpk6VMki1b56sCQHJ6zE7WukcfP1pXz2qWk7HVgute2rALKBhnzPfNPf-S3P3VQT8waZxbH6ZFqyE0HXDU1ag_7VQkPjGXEthLa8cLJQ8cRELL1VslkMqpCI5GDzc/s1600/si55551434.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="208" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-ibhDXSBM0E7XXeYpk6VMki1b56sCQHJ6zE7WukcfP1pXz2qWk7HVgute2rALKBhnzPfNPf-S3P3VQT8waZxbH6ZFqyE0HXDU1ag_7VQkPjGXEthLa8cLJQ8cRELL1VslkMqpCI5GDzc/s320/si55551434.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b>Mesothelioma</b> is a cancer that affects the <b>mesothelium</b>, a membrane lining that surrounds internal organs. The <b>mesothelium</b> surrounding the lungs called the pleura, so mesothelioma is the term used for this type of <b>cancer</b> that affects the lining of the lungs. The pleura is actually the most common place for this type of <b>cancer </b>to take hold. This is because the pollutants that cause the disease (usually asbestos fibers) enter the body through the respiratory tract and lodge in the lungs. However, it is important to note that<b> pleural mesothelioma</b> is a <b>cancer</b> of the lung.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b>Symptoms<o:p></o:p></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Painful breathing, shortness of breath, persistent, painful cough and chest pain are all common symptoms of the disease. Unexplained weight loss, fever, difficulty swallowing, back pain, and hoarse voice are other issues that may occur with this type of <b>cancer</b>. <b>Malignant mesothelioma</b> can occur in the body for decades before causing symptoms. When health problems begins to become apparent, may be confused with other diseases. These are two reasons why this type of <b>cancer</b> is usually advanced before being detected.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b>Diagnosis<o:p></o:p></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Since <b>mesothelioma</b> is usually caused by asbestos, the patient's history of exposure to be controlled at an early stage to determine the likelihood that symptoms are caused by <b>cancer</b>. After medical examination, various tests may be performed to determine if<b> mesothelioma</b> is present. Chest X-ray, CT and PET are some examples. MRI and / or pulmonary angiography is sometimes used to confirm the diagnosis.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">If abnormal results are detected that might indicate <b>mesothelioma</b>, a biopsy should be performed. This can be done using a sample of fluid from the pleura or a sample of the pleura itself. The larger the sample, the more accurate biopsy results tend to be. Analysis of gene models and other sophisticated tests can be performed on a biopsy to determine exactly what type of <b>cancer</b> is present.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b>Treatment<o:p></o:p></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">The recommended method for <b>treatment of mesothelioma</b> depends on how far the <b>cancer</b> has spread and the overall health of the patient. Radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgery may be the best solution for certain situations. Some people are still candidates for lung transplantation. In other cases, treatment aims to relieve symptoms such as pleural effusion (fluid around the lungs). There are many ongoing clinical trials to find better treatments for each stage of <b>mesothelioma</b>. These include advanced options such as immunotherapy and gene therapy.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b>Litigation<o:p></o:p></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Many patients who are diagnosed with this <b>cancer</b> file a complaint with the help of a personal injury lawyer. The goal is to get compensation for <b>mesothelioma</b>, which will cover medical expenses and to compensate the victim for pain and suffering caused by the disease. Family members can also choose to file a wrongful death claim after the death of a sick loved one who died from <b>mesothelioma</b>. Because the disease is often diagnosed in older patients after <b>cancer</b> began to spread, rates of long-term survival are generally very poor.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
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</div>Healthy Livinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13765618353644060052noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4316373808552080954.post-55048275001669974462011-09-20T19:42:00.000-07:002011-09-20T19:44:25.675-07:00Trichomoniasis<span lang="EN">Definition<br />
</span><span title="Trikomoniasis merupakan penyakit menular seksual yang disebabkan oleh parasit Trichomonas vaginalis.">Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis. </span><span title="Parasit ini paling sering menyerang wanita, namun pria dapat terinfeksi dan menularkan ke pasangannya lewat kontak seksual.">The parasite is most often affects women, but men can become infected and transmit to their partners through sexual contact. </span><span title="Vagina merupakan tempat infeksi paling sering pada wanita, sedangkan uretra (saluran kemih) merupakan tempat infeksi paling sering pada pria.">The vagina is the most frequent site of infection in women, while the urethra (urinary tract) is the most common site of infection in men.<br />
</span><span title="Gejala">Symptom<br />
</span><span title="Pada wanita, yang diserang terutama dinding vagina, dapat bersifat akut maupun kronik.">In women, who were attacked primarily the vaginal wall, can be acute or chronic. </span><span title="Pada kasus akut terlihat sekret vagina keruh kental berwarna kekuning-kuningan, kuning hijau, berbau tidak enak dan berbusa.">In acute cases of vaginal secretions appear thick turbid yellowish, yellow green, smells bad and frothy. </span><span title="Dinding vagina tampak kemerahan dan sembab.">Vaginal walls appear reddish and swollen. </span><span title="Selain itu didapatkan rasa gatal dan panas di vagina.">Also obtained itching and heat in the vagina. </span><span title="Rasa sakit sewaktu berhubungan seksual mungkin juga merupakan keluhan utama yang dirasakan penderita dengan trikomoniasis.">Pain during sexual intercourse may also be a major complaint of perceived patient with trichomoniasis. </span><span title="Pasien dengan trikomoniasis dapat juga mengalami perdarahan pasca sanggama dan nyeri perut bagian bawah.">Patients with trichomoniasis may also experience post-coital bleeding and lower abdominal pain. </span><span title="Bila sekret banyak yang keluar, dapat timbul iritasi pada lipat paha atau di sekitar bibir vagina.">When secretions are many who come out, can arise irritation in the groin or around the lips of the vagina. </span><span title="Pada kasus yang kronis, gejala lebih ringan dan sekret vagina biasanya tidak berbusa.">In chronic cases, symptoms are milder and usually do not frothy vaginal secretions.<br />
</span><span title="Berbeda dengan wanita, pada pria biasanya tidak memberikan gejala.">Unlike the women, the men usually do not give symptoms. </span><span title="Kalaupun ada, pada umumnya gejala lebih ringan dibandingkan dengan wanita.">Even if there are, in general, milder symptoms than women. </span><span title="Gejalanya antara lain iritasi di dalam penis, keluar cairan keruh namun tidak banyak, rasa panas dan nyeri setelah berkemih atau setelah ejakulasi.">Symptoms include irritation inside the penis, murky liquid out but not much, heartburn and pain after urinating or after ejaculation.</span><br />
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</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span title="Gejalanya antara lain iritasi di dalam penis, keluar cairan keruh namun tidak banyak, rasa panas dan nyeri setelah berkemih atau setelah ejakulasi."><br />
</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_Nxs9ZVcHpjj_TZ27EmOEX6Y1ooO6oethFsjvWLpnC3LD6yRQVdmTYch8dz7KBzxliPe3jbBZ5ZHQVxV4pQN1qPD701VE_mBc8MP7K7yRB1gFgY0jpCBbk2mz4csYFccMh7zCb5Tvn_0/s1600/triko.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="137" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_Nxs9ZVcHpjj_TZ27EmOEX6Y1ooO6oethFsjvWLpnC3LD6yRQVdmTYch8dz7KBzxliPe3jbBZ5ZHQVxV4pQN1qPD701VE_mBc8MP7K7yRB1gFgY0jpCBbk2mz4csYFccMh7zCb5Tvn_0/s200/triko.JPG" width="200" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal"></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span title="Gejalanya antara lain iritasi di dalam penis, keluar cairan keruh namun tidak banyak, rasa panas dan nyeri setelah berkemih atau setelah ejakulasi."></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span title="Gejalanya antara lain iritasi di dalam penis, keluar cairan keruh namun tidak banyak, rasa panas dan nyeri setelah berkemih atau setelah ejakulasi."></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span title="Gejalanya antara lain iritasi di dalam penis, keluar cairan keruh namun tidak banyak, rasa panas dan nyeri setelah berkemih atau setelah ejakulasi."></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span title="Gejalanya antara lain iritasi di dalam penis, keluar cairan keruh namun tidak banyak, rasa panas dan nyeri setelah berkemih atau setelah ejakulasi."><br />
</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span title="Gejalanya antara lain iritasi di dalam penis, keluar cairan keruh namun tidak banyak, rasa panas dan nyeri setelah berkemih atau setelah ejakulasi."> </span><span title="Gambar 1.">Figure 1. </span><span title="Gambaran sekret vagina pada penderita Trikomoniasis">Picture of vaginal secretions in patients with Trichomoniasis</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span title="Gambaran sekret vagina pada penderita Trikomoniasis"><br />
</span><span title="Pengobatan">Treatment<br />
</span><span title="Pengobatan paling efektif untuk trikomoniasis adalah dengan obat minum metronidazol.">The most effective treatment for trichomoniasis is metronidazole with oral medication. </span><span title="Dosis biasanya 2 gram dosis tunggal ataupun 500 miligram dua kali sehari selama tujuh hari.">The dose is usually 2 g single dose or 500 milligrams twice daily for seven days. </span><span title="Obat ini tidak boleh diberikan bila penderita dalam keadaan hamil 3 bulan pertama karena efeknya pada janin.">This drug should not be given if the patient is pregnant the first 3 months because of its effect on the fetus. </span><span title="Pada keadaan ini, penderita tersebut dapat menggunakan obat clotrimazole, yang penggunaanya secara dimasukan ke dalam vagina.">In these circumstances, patients may be using drugs clotrimazole, which its use is inserted into the vagina.<br />
</span><span title="Gejala trikomoniasis pada pria yang terinfeksi biasanya akan hilang dalam beberapa minggu tanpa pengobatan.">Symptoms of trichomoniasis in infected men will usually disappear within a few weeks without treatment. </span><span title="Namun, pria yang terinfeksi tersebut, walaupun tidak pernah memberikan gejala atau gejalanya sudah tidak ada, dapat terus menularkan ke pasangan seksualnya sampai ia selesai diobati.">However, the infected men, although it is never to give any symptoms or symptoms are absent, can continue to infect their sexual partners be treated until he finished. </span><span title="Oleh karena itu, kedua pasangan seksual tersebut harus diobati sekaligus untuk menghentikan penyebaran penyakitnya.">Therefore, both sexual partners should be treated at once to stop the spread of the disease. </span><span title="Penderita yang sedang diobati disarankan tidak melakukan hubungan seksual selama pengobatan dan sebelum dinyatakan sembuh.">Patients who are treated are advised not to have sexual intercourse during treatment and before declared cured. </span><span title="Orang yang pernah terkena trikomoniasis tidak melindungi orang tersebut untuk tidak terkena lagi.">People who have trichomoniasis do not protect people exposed to not exposed to anymore. </span><span title="Walaupun pengobatannya berhasil, orang tersebut dapat terkena infeksi kembali.">Although treatment is successful, the person can become infected again.<br />
</span><span title="Epidemiologi">Epidemiology<br />
</span><span title="Angka kejadian di Amerika Serikat sekitar 7.4 juta kasus baru setiap tahun.">The incidence in the United States approximately 7.4 million new cases each year. </span><span title="Angka pastinya sukar didapat karena kebanyakan kasus ini tidak dilaporkan atau tidak terdiagnosis.">The exact number is difficult to obtain because most of these cases go unreported or undiagnosed. </span><span title="Secara global, WHO memperkirakan terdapat sekitar 180 juta kasus baru tiap tahunnya di seluruh dunia.">Globally, WHO estimates there are about 180 million new cases each year worldwide. </span><span title="Sementara angka prevalensinya bervariasi dari 5% pada klien klinik KB sampai 75% pada pekerja seks.">While prevalence rates vary from 5% in family planning clinic clients up to 75% in sex workers. </span><span title="Trikomoniasis memiliki angka infeksi gabungan yang cukup tinggi dengan penyakit menular lain, seperti dengan gonore, yang diketahui berhubungan secara signifikan dengan infeksi trikomoniasis.">Trichomoniasis has a combined infection rate is quite high with other infectious diseases, such as with gonorrhea, which is known to be significantly associated with trichomoniasis infection. </span><span title="Trikomoniasis juga memfasilitasi penularan human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).">Trichomoniasis also facilitate the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). </span><span title="Trikomoniasis terdapat baik pada laki-laki maupun perempuan, namun lebih sering ditemukan pada perempuan.">Trichomoniasis is found both in men and women, but more often found in women.<br />
</span><span title="Penyebab">Cause<br />
</span><span title="Trikomoniasis disebabkan oleh parasit Trichomonas vaginalis.">Trichomoniasis is caused by the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis. </span><span title="Parasit ini menyebar melalui hubungan seksual dengan orang yang sudah terkena penyakit ini.">The parasite is spread through sexual contact with someone who has been affected by this disease. </span><span title="Trikomoniasis menyerang (uretra) saluran kemih pada pria, namun biasanya tanpa gejala, sedangkan pada wanita, trikomoniasis lebih sering menyerang vagina.">Trichomoniasis attack (urethra) urinary tract in men, but usually without symptoms, whereas in women, more often attacked vaginal trichomoniasis. </span><span title="Resiko untuk terkena penyakit ini tergantung aktivitas seksual orang tersebut.">The risk for this disease depends on the person's sexual activity. </span><span title="Beberapa faktor resiko untuk terkena penyakit ini antara lain :">Several risk factors for developing this disease include:<br />
</span><span title="• Jumlah pasangan seksual selama hidupnya">• The number of sexual partners during their lives<br />
</span><span title="• Pasangan seksual saat ini">• Sexual partners currently<br />
</span><span title="• Tidak memakai kondom saat berhubungan seksual">• Not wearing a condom during intercourse<br />
</span><span title="Pencegahan">Prevention<br />
</span><span title="Karena trikomoniasis merupakan penyakit menular seksual, cara terbaik menghindarinya adalah tidak melakukan hubungan seksual.">Because trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted disease, the best way to avoid it is not sexual intercourse. </span><span title="Beberapa cara untuk mengurangi tertularnya penyakit ini antara lain:">Some ways to reduce transmission of this disease include:<br />
</span><span title="• Pemakaian kondom dapat mengurangi resiko tertularnya penyakit ini.">• Use of condoms can reduce the risk of contracting this disease.<br />
</span><span title="• Tidak pinjam meminjam alat-alat pribadi seperti handuk karena parasit ini dapat hidup di luar tubuh manusia selama 45 menit.">• No borrowing personal tools such as a towel because this parasite can live outside the human body for 45 minutes.<br />
</span><span title="• Bersihkan diri sendiri segera setelah berenang di tempat pemandian umum.">• Clean yourself immediately after swimming in public baths.</span></div>Healthy Livinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13765618353644060052noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4316373808552080954.post-90172751923996507962011-09-20T19:30:00.000-07:002011-09-20T19:44:39.734-07:00hepatitis B<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLcIcWAtbPtSA3Ttom69yl49wDR5z7zrGy9iOmNm7EX-NvvEVhQd5qu6h_u7Wz9Jx14IIcDxD8i1KO8aKNu3GCfHTh9sY_jYXy7NhG2k7A-kVRZFNPik8d3aX6zlt1p9lSSAOlDkXKYUg/s1600/Virus-Hepatitis-B-Lebih-Cepat-Menular.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLcIcWAtbPtSA3Ttom69yl49wDR5z7zrGy9iOmNm7EX-NvvEVhQd5qu6h_u7Wz9Jx14IIcDxD8i1KO8aKNu3GCfHTh9sY_jYXy7NhG2k7A-kVRZFNPik8d3aX6zlt1p9lSSAOlDkXKYUg/s200/Virus-Hepatitis-B-Lebih-Cepat-Menular.jpg" width="199" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
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<span lang="EN">Definition<br />
</span><span title="Hepatitis (radang pada hati) B adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus hepatitis B (VHB), yang dapat menyebabkan peradangan hati akut atau menahun yang pada sebagian kecil kasus dapat berlanjut menjadi sirosi hati atau kanker hati.">Hepatitis (inflammation of the liver) B is a disease caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV), which can cause acute or chronic inflammation of the liver are in a minority of cases may progress to liver or liver cancer sirosi. </span><span title="Hepatitis B merupakan penyakit hepatitis yang paling sering terjadi yang jarang diketahui orang awam, padahal virus ini lebih infeksius 100 kali daripada HIV. Virus hepatitis B menular melalui darah dan cairan tubuh yang terinfeksi, hal ini dapat terjadi pada keadaan;">Hepatitis B Hepatitis is a disease that most often the case that are rarely known to the layman, but the virus is 100 times more infectious than HIV. Hepatitis B virus is transmitted through blood and infected body fluids, this can occur in a state;<br />
</span><span title="Kontak langsung darah dengan darah">1. <span lang="EN">Direct contact with blood blood<br />
</span></span><span title="Hubungan seksual yang tidak aman">2. <span lang="EN">Unsafe sexual relationships<br />
</span></span><span title="Penggunaan jarum suntik tidak steril">3. <span lang="EN">The use of unsterile needles<br />
</span></span><span title="Tertusuk jarum suntik yang terinfeksi">4. <span lang="EN">An infected needle stick<br />
</span></span><span title="Jarum yang terkontaminasi yang digunakan untuk membuat tatto, akupuntur, body piercing">5. <span lang="EN">Contaminated needles used to make tattoos, acupuncture, body piercing<br />
</span></span><span title="Pada saat kehamilan – penularan dari ibu-janin pada proses melahirkan">6. <span lang="EN">At the time of pregnancy - maternal-fetal transmission of the birthing process<br />
</span></span><span title="Penggunaan pisau cukur bersama">7. <span lang="EN">The use of a razor blade along<br />
</span></span><span title="Tranfusi darah">8. <span lang="EN">Blood transfusion<br />
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</span><span title="Gejala dan Tanda">Symptoms and Signs<br />
</span><span title="Masa inkubasi VHB sebelum timbulnya gejala klinis kurang lebih antara 6 minggu sampai 6 bulan, namun hampir sepertiga kasus dari penderita tidak menimbulkan gejala sama sekali.">The incubation period before onset of clinical symptoms of HBV approximately between 6 weeks to 6 months, but almost a third of cases of people with no symptoms at all. </span><span title="Sisanya infeksi VHB dapat menimbulkan gejala-gejala seperti penyakit flu, disertai dengan badan lemas dan nyeri, sakit kepala, demam, nafsu makan berkurang, diare, ikterik (kuning), mual dan muntah. Gejala dapat memberat dan bertahan berbulan-bulan ditambah dengan nyeri">The rest of HBV infection can cause symptoms like the flu, accompanied by body limp and pain, headache, fever, decreased appetite, diarrhea, jaundice (yellow), nausea and vomiting. Symptoms can become heavy and last for months coupled with the pain </span><span title="pada perut, diare, dan ikterik.">the stomach, diarrhea, and jaundice.<br />
</span><span title="Ikterik timbul pada penyakit hepatitis karena hati tidak dapat mengeluarkan bilirubin dalam darah.">Jaundice occurs in hepatitis due to liver disease can not remove bilirubin in the blood. </span><span title="Sehingga dapat merubah warna kulit dan putih pada mata menjadi kuning.">So it can change the color of the skin and whites of the eyes become yellow.</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN"><br />
</span><span title="Tata Laksana">Governance<br />
</span><span title="Sebagian besar orang dengan hepatitis B tidak memerlukan pengobatan yang khusus selain beristirahat dan mereka akan sembuh secara utuh.">Most people with hepatitis B do not require special treatment other than rest and they will recover completely.<br />
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</span><span title="Apabila infeksi VHB bertahan lebih dari 6 bulan (infeksi hepatitis kronik), dapat diberikan obat antivirus yang disebut interveron alfa.">If HBV infection persists for more than 6 months (chronic hepatitis infection), may be given antiviral medications called alpha interveron. </span><span title="Pengobatan ini bertujuan untuk mengurangi risiko terjadinya sirosis hati dan kanker hati">Treatment aims to reduce the risk of liver cirrhosis and liver cancer<br />
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</span><span title="Pencegahan">Prevention<br />
</span><span title="Hepatitis B termasuk dalam agen berbahaya pada pekerja kesehatan, polisi, dan pelayanan kegawat daruratan.">Hepatitis B is included in the hazardous agent in health care workers, police, and service kegawat daruratan. </span><span title="Maka para pekerja ini harus berhati-hati dalam mengerjakan tugasnya.">So these workers must be careful in doing its job.<br />
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</span><span title="Terdapat vaksin hepatitis B yang efektif untuk melindungi orang dari infeksi VHB.">There is an effective hepatitis B vaccine to protect people from infection with HBV. </span><span title="Keluarga dan anggota rumah lainnya dari penderita hepatitis B harus di vaksin terhadap hepatitis B.">Family and other household members of patients with hepatitis B should be in a vaccine against hepatitis B. </span><span title="Berikut adalah orang-orang yang perlu vaksinasi;">Here are the ones that need to be vaccinated;<br />
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</span><span title="Keluarga dan anggota rumah lainnya dari penderita">1. <span lang="EN">Family and other household members of patients<br />
</span></span><span title="Orang yang dalam pekerjaan terekspos dengan cairan tubuh (c/: pekerja kesehatan)">2. <span lang="EN">People who are in jobs exposed to body fluids (c /: health workers)<br />
</span></span><span title="Orang yang berpergian ke negara yang endemis">3. <span lang="EN">People who travel to endemic countries<br />
</span></span><span title="Bayi baru lahir dari ibu yang terinfeksi">4. <span lang="EN">Newborns of infected mothers<br />
</span></span><span title="Pengguna obat-obatan">5. <span lang="EN">Drug users<br />
</span></span><span title="Orang yang melakukan hubungan seksual tidak aman">6. <span lang="EN">People who are having unsafe sex<br />
</span></span><span title="Napi">7. <span lang="EN">Prisoners</span></span></div>Healthy Livinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13765618353644060052noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4316373808552080954.post-16435086967491581412011-09-20T08:22:00.000-07:002011-09-20T08:22:10.581-07:00Biological Therapy of Breast Cancer<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifGByBrg7LpgKYVdlv6_ucatLaTED0HtjDiRjRGGA0HzCjBXVv5GsPe_kPfknyE1tJPtZ1oFLKSefBlKsyO9lCULDClb3fTZsMGAWzZqYS0Jpi21MkOmElYdkjEv6WGUA06jYVrnwPBSk/s1600/breast+cancer.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifGByBrg7LpgKYVdlv6_ucatLaTED0HtjDiRjRGGA0HzCjBXVv5GsPe_kPfknyE1tJPtZ1oFLKSefBlKsyO9lCULDClb3fTZsMGAWzZqYS0Jpi21MkOmElYdkjEv6WGUA06jYVrnwPBSk/s200/breast+cancer.jpg" width="156" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; text-align: -webkit-auto;" title="Usaha pengobatan Kanker Payudara yang terbaik memang mengobati dalam stadium dini."><br />
</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; text-align: -webkit-auto;" title="Usaha pengobatan Kanker Payudara yang terbaik memang mengobati dalam stadium dini.">Breast cancer treatment business is the best cure in early stages. </span><span style="background-color: white; text-align: -webkit-auto;" title="Karena pengobatan pada stadium dini akan memberikan hasil yang sesuai dengan harapan.">Because treatment at an early stage will give results in line with expectations. </span><span style="background-color: white; text-align: -webkit-auto;" title="Namun pengobatan kanker payudara dalam stadium apapun harus dilakukan secara rasional dan bertanggung jawab agar tetap mendapatkan hasil yang optimal.">But the treatment of breast cancer in any stage should be done rationally and responsibly in order to continue to receive optimal results. </span><span style="background-color: white; text-align: -webkit-auto;" title="Demikian diungkapkan dr.">This was stated by dr. </span><span style="background-color: white; text-align: -webkit-auto;" title="Heru Purwanto, MSC, SpB (K) Onk pada Sunday Talkshow di Siloam Hospitals Surabaya, Minggu (22/3) yang mengangkat tema “Kanker Payudara dan Penanganannya Secara Paripurna”">Heru Purwanto, MSC, SpB (K) Onk on Sunday Talkshow in Siloam Hospitals Surabaya on Sunday (22 / 3) with the theme "Breast Cancer and Handling In Session" </span></div><span class="long_text" id="result_box"><span style="background-color: white;" title="Heru Purwanto, MSC, SpB (K) Onk pada Sunday Talkshow di Siloam Hospitals Surabaya, Minggu (22/3) yang mengangkat tema “Kanker Payudara dan Penanganannya Secara Paripurna”"> </span><span style="background-color: white;" title="Ada beberapa macam pengobatan kanker diantaranya melalui operasi, terapi sinar, terapi hormonal, terapi biologi, terapi biologi, terapi imunitas, terapi genetika, dan gabungan dari semuanya.">There are several kinds of cancer treatment such as through surgery, light therapy, hormonal therapy, biological therapy, biological therapy, immune therapy, genetic therapy, and combination of these. </span><span style="background-color: white;" title="Ada beberapa macam pengobatan kanker diantaranya melalui operasi, terapi sinar, terapi hormonal, terapi biologi, terapi biologi, terapi imunitas, terapi genetika, dan gabungan dari semuanya.">There are several kinds of cancer treatment such as through surgery, light therapy, hormonal therapy, biological therapy, biological therapy, immune therapy, genetic therapy, and combination of these. </span><span title="Dr.">Dr. </span><span style="background-color: white;" title="Heru yang ditemui Kiatsehat usai acara mengatakan bahwa terapi biologi saat ini merupakan terapi baru yang dapat membantu pengobatan kanker payudara.">Heru Kiatsehat encountered after the ceremony said that the biological therapy is now a new therapy that can help treat breast cancer. <br />
</span><span style="background-color: white;" title="Terapi Biologi untuk kanker merupakan pengobatan alternatif yang aman, bermanfaat, logis secara pemikiran kedokteran, mudah dalam pelaksanaan dan didasari penelitian ilmiah yang mendalam.”Terapi biologi yang ditujukan khusus untuk beberapa tumor yang mengandung suatu receprtor,” ujar dr.">Biological therapies for cancer is an alternative treatment that is safe, useful, logical thinking medicine, easy in implementation and based on an in-depth scientific research. "Biological therapy that are specific to some tumors that contain a receprtor," said dr. </span><span title="Heru.">Heru. </span><span style="background-color: white;" title="Terapi ini sudah ada sejak tahun 1990-an, sudah lama dikembangkan di negara barat dan saat ini telah ada di Indonesia.">This therapy has been around since the 1990s, have long been developed in western countries and currently has existed in Indonesia. <br />
</span><span style="background-color: white;" title="Pada terapi biologi kanker diupayakan memperkuat tubuh penderita dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup.">In the biological therapy of cancer patient's body sought to strengthen and improve the quality of life. </span><span style="background-color: white;" title="Terapi biologi dikembangkan karena penderita kanker mempunyai problem yang komplek, seperti gangguan daya tahan tubuh, nyeri, penurunan fungsi utama tubuh seperti makan, tidur, bernafas, bergerak, buang kotoran dan fungsi seksual serta stress kejiwaan.">Biological therapies are developed for cancer patients who have complex problems, such as immune disorders, pain, decrease the body's main functions such as eating, sleeping, breathing, moving, pooping and sexual function and psychological stress. </span><span style="background-color: white;" title="Terapi biologi sering menjadi alternatif apabila terapi konvensional tidak dapat dilakukan karena berbagai kondisi dan alasan baik secara medis, kejiwaan maupun sosial ekonomi penderita kanker.">Biological therapy is often a viable alternative when conventional therapies can not be done due to various conditions and reasons for either medical, psychiatric and socioeconomic cancer patients. <br />
</span><span style="background-color: white;" title="Saat ini penderita kanker payudara juga tak perlu khawatir pada hasil akhir tindakan opersi kanker payudara.">Currently patients with breast cancer need not worry about the outcome of breast cancer opersi action. </span><span title="Perkembangan teknologi kedokteran dan ketrampilan para dokter di Indonesia membuat pasien kanker payudara merasa nyaman, bahkan dari segi estetika pasca operasi.">The development of medical technology and the skills of doctors in Indonesia makes breast cancer patients feel comfortable, even in terms of postoperative aesthetics. </span><span title="Dr.">Dr. </span><span style="background-color: white;" title="Tjandra Purnawan, SpBP yang juga hadir sebagai narasumber mengatakan bahwa dari segi estetika (kecantikan) operasi payudara, saat ini bertujuan untuk memperbaiki kondisi tubuh yang kurang harmonis.">Tjandra Purnawan, SpBP who was also present as a speaker said that in terms of aesthetics (beauty) of breast surgery, this time aiming to improve the condition of the body that are less harmonious. <br />
</span><span style="background-color: white;" title="Operasi payudara bukan hanya dilakukan untuk pengobatan kanker, saat ini perkembangan operasi payudara lebih pada pembentukan payudara (Mammoplasty), seperti memperbesar payudara (augmentation), mengencangkan payudara, memperkecil (reduction) hingga memperbaiki bentuk puting.">Breast surgery is not only done for cancer treatment, current developments on the formation of breast surgery breast (mammoplasty), such as enlarging the breast (augmentation), breast tightening, reduce (reduction) to improve the shape of the nipple. </span><span style="background-color: white;" title="Operasi bedah plastik akan aman bila dilakukan dengan rencana dan persiapan matang oleh spesialis bedah plastik dengan mengikuti kaidah pembedahan yang benar.">Plastic surgery would be safe if done with a plan and proper preparation by a plastic surgeon by following the correct rules of surgery.</span></span>Healthy Livinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13765618353644060052noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4316373808552080954.post-28360397991184108082011-09-18T20:02:00.000-07:002011-09-18T20:06:41.429-07:00Cervical Cancer<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> </div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody>
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</tbody></table><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Cervical cancer is the leading cause of death from cancer among women in developing countries. Globally there are 600,000 new cases and 300,000 deaths each year, a nearly 80% occur in developing countries. These facts make cervical cancer ranks second cancer in women in the world, and ranks first in developing countries. Currently, cervical cancer to women's cancer in Indonesia is about 34% of all cancers in women and is now 48 million women in Indonesia in the risk of getting cervical cancer. <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
</span>Cervical cancer is cancer that occurs in the cervical area of the uterus that connects the top of the uterus with the vagina. The average age of cervical cancer incidence was 52 years old, and the distribution of cases peaked 2 times at the age of 35-39 years and 60-64 years. </span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><br />
<b>Cervical cancer itself is a malignancy that can be prevented because: </b><span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
</span>1. Having preinvasif period (before they become malignant) of the old <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
</span>2. Cytology (cells) to detect early cervical cancer are already available <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
</span>3. Preinvasif lesion therapy (seeds malignancy) is quite effective <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
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</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"></span></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTWOp-XECnVQmKQIBOKlCMBR-xZkAT8BwBOMp_kd7nz61DPHkNLRHfIYqi4h5ROqfO7YQz48iH8WuN4kDhmo29Ji-pXl6nmH4z0Z7lYSrN02ZO4J7fsg8VbxdeHO8_fgj4paPwI4Hnmw8/s1600/servik1.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTWOp-XECnVQmKQIBOKlCMBR-xZkAT8BwBOMp_kd7nz61DPHkNLRHfIYqi4h5ROqfO7YQz48iH8WuN4kDhmo29Ji-pXl6nmH4z0Z7lYSrN02ZO4J7fsg8VbxdeHO8_fgj4paPwI4Hnmw8/s320/servik1.JPG" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Figure 1. Location Cervical Cancer <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" /> <br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" /> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Signs and Symptoms</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <br />
The most common symptom of cervical cancer is abnormal vaginal bleeding or spotting (spotting) of the vagina. Abnormal bleeding is especially true after sexual intercourse, but can occur also between two menstrual bleeding, menorrhagia, or spotting / bleeding postmenopause. If the bleeding lasts for a long time the patient may complain of fatigue and weakness due to anemia experienced. Watery yellowish spots which can be followed with the fishy smell is a sign of malignancy. Symptoms usually only appear when the abnormal cells turn into malignancy and infiltrate into surrounding tissue. <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
</span>In later stages, patients may complain of smelling vaginal spotting, weight loss, and obstruction (blockage) in urination. If the cancer has spread to the pelvis back pain may occur followed by a bottleneck in urination as well as hydronephrosis (enlarged kidneys). Symptoms of bladder or rectum (hematuri <kencing berdarah>, hematoschezia <CHAPTER bloody>, fistulas) may be associated with spread to the bladder and rectum in invasive tumors. <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
</span>To become cervical cancer takes up to a dozen years. Lesions (wounds or marks) in early cervical cancer can be a lesion induration (hard) or ulceration (ulcers), or areas of little elevation (elevated) and bergranul that bleed easily when touched. <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
</span>Examination Support <br />
Required inspection is an examination of chest radiology, kidney, and bone, and biopsy. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> </div><table align="left" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody>
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</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Figure 3. Cone biopsy of the cervix (cervical) <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" /> </span></span><span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> </span> </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Therapy </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><br />
Surgery and radiation therapy are the two main modalities in the treatment of invasive cervical cancer. In general, surgery limited to patients with stage I and IIA, while radiation can be done at all stages of the disease. Chemotherapy is a treatment in patients with stage IVB or those with recurrent cancer (frequent relapses) who can not do radiation therapy and surgery. Each stage has a major therapeutic options are performed. <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
</span>Prevention and Early Detection <br />
Unlike Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) are spread through other bodily fluids, HPV is a virus that spreads through skin-to-skin contact, therefore the use of condoms is not fully effective because the condom does not cover the entire area of skin where HPV can be found. <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
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</span>Early detection is especially regular screening examination once a year to find precancerous lesions. Prevention is done is to avoid the above risk factors. <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
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</span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">HPV Vaccine <br />
</b>HPV vaccine is now used to prevent cervical cancer and genital warts due to HPV. The vaccine works by protecting the 4 types of HPV that most commonly cause disease, namely types 6, 11, 16, and 18, the type that causes 70% of cervical cancers and 90% of genital warts. The vaccine was issued by USFoods and Drugs Administration (FDA) in 2006 and has been declared safe for women aged 9-26 years. <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
</span>The vaccine is given in three doses within a period of 6 months of initial granting, 2, and 6 months later. Not yet known effectiveness in women who received only 1 or 2 doses only. Since this is essential given the full 3 doses for women. The effectiveness of the HPV vaccine is expected according to the study for 5 years, how long the vaccine can provide protective effects remains unclear. <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
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</span>Should the vaccine be given before first sexual contact or before women are exposed to HPV. This is because the vaccine prevents disease in women who have not been exposed to one or several types of HPV that can be protected by the vaccine. This vaccine does not work too effective in women who already have the HPV virus in her body before receiving the vaccine. The most common side effects of pain when injected. <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
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</span>The vaccine is not recommended in pregnant women because it is still little information about keamananya in pregnant women. HPV vaccine is only protective of exposure that has not happened, and not to treat. Screening is still required after obtaining the HPV vaccine because the vaccine does not protect for all types of HPV. <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
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</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Figure 4. Gardasil, the HPV Vaccine <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" /> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><br />
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</span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Risk factors</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> :</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><br />
1. Race <br />
In the African-American race cervical cancer incidence increased by 2 times of Hispanic America. As for Asian-Americans have the same incidence of Americans. This is related to socioeconomic factors <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
</span>2. Sexual and reproductive factors <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
</span>First sexual intercourse before age 16 years associated with an increased risk of cervical cancer 2 times compared to women who had sexual intercourse after the age of 20 years. Cervical cancer is also associated with number of sexual partners. The more sexual partners increases the risk of cervical cancer. Increasing parity (number of pregnancies) is also a risk factor for cervical cancer <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
</span>3. Smoke <br />
Smoking is an important cause of cervical cancer types of squamous cell carcinoma. Risk factors increased 2 times with the highest risk found in people who smoke for long periods with high intensity (a lot) <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
</span>4. Contraception <br />
The use of contraceptive pills in the long term (5 years or more) increases the risk of cervical cancer 2 times. Use of barrier contraceptive methods (barrier), especially those using a combination of mechanical and hormonal showed decreased incidence of cervical cancer are expected due to decreased exposure to the causative agent of infectious <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
</span>5. Conditions of immunosuppression (decreased immunity) <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
</span>In women imunokompromise (decreased immunity) such as kidney transplants and HIV, can accelerate (speed up) the growth of cancer cells from noninvasive to invasive (malignant not become malignant) <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
</span>6. Infection with HPV (Human Papilloma Virus) <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Epidemiological studies show that HPV infection was detected using molecular studies in 99.7% of women with squamous cell carcinoma because HPV infection is the cause of neoplasm mutations (changes normal cells into malignant cells). There are 138 strains of HPV that have been identified, 30 of which can be transmitted through sexual contact. Of all HPV types that attack anogenital (anus and genitals), there are 4 types of HPV that usually cause problems in humans such as 2 subtypes of HPV high-risk malignancies namely types 16 and 18 were found in 70% of cervical cancers and HPV types 6 and 11, which cause 90% of cases of genital warts (genital warts) <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
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</b></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Screening</b> <br />
Periodic examination for all women especially those with risk factors using the Pap smear is an effective way to detect early cervical cancer and early and adequate treatment. In addition to pap smears, another method is visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) or Lugol's iodine (villi) and HPV-hybrid capture. The test is easy to do and have effective results. Screening is done 3 years after sexually active and repeated every year. <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"> </span></span></div><span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span><br />
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</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span><span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span><span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span>Figure 2. Pap smear for cervical cancer early detection </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"> <br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" /> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Spread of disease</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <br />
Cervical cancer can spread to various organs. Among the lymph nodes, vagina, bladder, rectum, endometrium (uterine lining), and ovary (ovarian). Each provides a different symptom. The spread of cervical cancer in general through the circulation of the lymph nodes, spread through the blood circulation is rare. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><br />
</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Stadium</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> <br />
International of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging system used for the evaluation and diagnosis of cervical cancer based on symptoms that occur. <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
</span>Based on FIGO stages: <br />
Stage I. Cervical cancer is only found in the cervix (cervical) <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
</span>• Stage IA. Invasive cancer diagnosed by microscopy (using microscope), with the spread of tumor cells reach the stromal layer of no more than a depth of 5 mm and width 7 mm Stage IA1. Invasion of stromal layers as deep as 3 mm or less with a width of 7 mm or less <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
</span>• Stadim IA2. Stromal invasion between 3-5 mm and width inside 7 mm or less <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
</span>• Stage IB. tumors that are visible only in the cervix or by microscopy examination deeper than 5 mm with a width of 7 mm Stage IB1. Tumors are visible along the 4 cm or less <br />
• Stage IB2. Tumors that look longer than 4 cm <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
</span>Stage II. Cancer extends out from the cervix but does not reach the pelvic wall. Deployment involves the vagina 2 / 3 the top. <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
</span>• Stage IIA. Cancer does not involve the connective tissue (parametrial) around the uterus, but involving two thirds of the vagina <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
</span>• Stage IIB. Parametrial involve cancer, but not involving the pelvic sidewall <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
</span>Stage III. Cancer extends to the pelvic sidewall and involve third lower vagina. Stage III includes cancers that inhibit the process of voiding urine, causing deposits in the kidneys and cause kidney disorders <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
</span>• Stage IIIA. Cancer involves a third lower vagina but does not extend to pelvic wall <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
</span>• Stage IIIB. Cancer extends to the side wall of the vagina that cause urinary disorders that result in renal impairment <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
</span>Stage IV. Tumor spread to the bladder or rectum, or extends beyond the pelvis <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
</span>• Stage IVA. Cancer spread to the bladder or rectum <span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% white;"><br />
</span>• Stage IVB. Cancer spread to distant organs</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
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</div>Healthy Livinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13765618353644060052noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4316373808552080954.post-75862864471859753472011-09-18T04:55:00.000-07:002011-09-20T08:32:34.794-07:00Cancer<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi050k3TfgHcMWxGwQu57H-bdlEx6A5c9u80aQbQaFuAgLDVzAmyijaQO8jMMPadsjZJ865G06BZioY8dmNXM64-ATDHiHVF7q_XJb80itXeRCQRc8I_32k0wQQXVi70POIkGolq-_DIqI/s1600/KankerServiks.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi050k3TfgHcMWxGwQu57H-bdlEx6A5c9u80aQbQaFuAgLDVzAmyijaQO8jMMPadsjZJ865G06BZioY8dmNXM64-ATDHiHVF7q_XJb80itXeRCQRc8I_32k0wQQXVi70POIkGolq-_DIqI/s200/KankerServiks.jpg" width="131" /></a><span class="longtext"><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"></span></span><br />
<span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;">Cancer is a disease that can attack all parts of the body. </span><span title="Tubuh secara teratur memproduksi sel baru yang berguna untuk pertumbuhan serta untuk menggantikan sel yang rusak atau yang sakit.">Body regularly produces new cells that are useful for cell growth and to replace damaged or diseased. </span><span title="Secara normal, sel tumbuh dan berkembang dengan cara yang tetap.">Normally, cells grow and develop in ways that remain. </span><span title="Namun, ada pula pertumbuhan yang tidak normal (tidak terkontrol) yang kemudian tampak menjadi “benjolan” yang disebut tumor.">Nevertheless, there were abnormal growth (not controlled), which then seemed to be a "bump" the so-called tumor. </span><br />
<span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"> <br />
<span title="Tumor terdiri dari tumor jinak dan tumor ganas.">The tumor consisted of benign and malignant tumors. </span><span title="Tumor jinak adalah pertumbuhan sel abnormal yang tidak melewati batas jaringan, tumbuh lamban, bersimpai atau berselaput pembungkus sehingga mudah dioperasi dan diangkat.">Benign tumors are growths of abnormal cells that do not cross network boundaries, grew slowly, or webbed bersimpai wrapper so easily operated and removed. </span><span title="Sedang tumor ganas atau kanker adalah pertumbuhan sel abnormal yang tumbuh cepat, tidak bersimpai, tumbuhnya menyusup ke bagian lain melalui pembuluh getah bening.">Medium tumor is malignant or cancerous growth of abnormal cells that grow rapidly, not bersimpai, growth slipped into another section through the lymph vessels. </span><br />
<br />
<span title="Karsinogenesis atau proses terjadinya kanker dimulai dengan perubahan sederhana yang sering kali berubah menjadi tumor jinak dan sebagian akhirnya menjadi tumor ganas atau kanker.">Carcinogenesis or the occurrence of cancer starts with simple changes that often turns into benign tumors and most tumors eventually become malignant or cancerous. </span><br />
<br />
<span title="Sel kanker dapat lepas dari sel kanker asal (primary cancer atau kanker primer) melalui aliran darah atau saluran limfatik (getah bening) dan menyebar ke bagian tubuh lain.">Cancer cells can escape from a cancer cell of origin (primary cancer or primary cancer) through the bloodstream or lymphatic channels (lymph nodes) and spread to other body parts. </span><span title="Apabila sel tersebut mencapai bagian lain (menyebar) dan berkembang membentuk tumor baru di bagian tubuh yang lain, disebut tumor sekunder (secondary tumor) atau metastasis.">When these cells reach the other part (spread) and evolve to form new tumors in other parts of the body, called secondary tumors (secondary tumors) or metastatic. </span><br />
<br />
<span title="Di samping berasal dari jaringan, kadang – kadang sel induk darah di sumsum tulang juga dapat memperbanyak diri secara abnormal, dan dikenal sebagai kanker darah (leukemia), myeloma multiple dan limfoma malignum.">In addition to originate from the network, sometimes - sometimes blood stem cells in bone marrow can also multiply abnormally, and is known as blood cancer (leukemia), multiple myeloma and lymphoma malignum. </span><br />
<br />
<span title="Tampak sel – sel kanker yang menembus batas jaringan menyebar secara lokal dan akhirnya melalui pembuluh darah atau limfatik menyebar ke bagian – bagian yang jauh dari tempat asalnya (“metastasis jauh”).">Looks cells - cancer cells that penetrate the network boundary locally and eventually spread through the blood vessels or lymphatic spread to other parts - parts that are far from the place of origin ("distant metastases"). </span><br />
<br />
<span title="Indikasi dari kanker sangat mengemuka bergantung pada organ yang terjangkiti, namun secara umum kanker memberikan gejala antara lain sebagai berikut:">Indications of very prominent cancer depend on which organs are infected, but in general gives cancer symptoms are as follows: </span><br />
<span title="• Tedapat pendarahan atau pengeluaran cairan yang tidak wajar, seperti halnya cairan saliva, mimisan terus menerus, keluarnya cairan puting susu yang terdapat darah, cairan liang senggama yang berdarah diluar siklus menstruasi maupun menopause, ditemukan darah dalam faeces, darah dalam air kemih hingga batuk atau">• artifacts bleeding or discharge that is not fair, as well as salivary fluid, continuous bleeding, nipple discharge are contained blood, bloody fluid hole intercourse outside of the menstrual cycle and menopause, found blood in the faeces, blood in urine up to cough or </span></span><span class="longtext">vomit containing blood. </span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal"><span class="longtext"></span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><span title="• Penurunan berat badan dengan cepat akibat kurang lemak dan protein (kaheksia)">• Losing weight rapidly due to less fat and protein (kaheksia) </span></span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><br />
</span><span class="longtext"></span><span title="• Benjolan pada payudara">• Lumps in the breast </span><br />
<span class="longtext"></span><span title="• Perubahan tahi lalat atau kulit yang mencolok">• Changes in moles or skin striking </span><br />
<span class="longtext"></span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><span title="Secara spesifik, kanker memiliki tipe berdasarkan organ yang diserangnya.">Specifically, the cancer has a type based on the organ attacked. </span></span><span title="Pun gejala yang mengemuka memiliki khas masing-masing, namun tidak menutup kemungkinan dapat juga muncul gejala yang terkombinasi.">Fore also have typical symptoms of each, but did not rule can also be combined symptoms. </span><br />
<br />
<span class="longtext"></span><span title="Kanker Otak">Brain Cancer </span><br />
<span class="longtext"></span><span title="Pusing atau nyeri/sakit kepala, badan terasa lemah, kebas pada lengan dan kaki, perubahan pada ingatan, kesulitan berjalan, perubahan tidak normal pada penglihatan secara signifikan, kesulitan bicara.">Dizziness or pain / headache, body feels weak, numbness of the arms and legs, changes in memory, difficulty walking, abnormal changes in vision significantly, difficulty speaking.</span><br />
<span class="longtext"></span><span title="Kanker Mulut">Oral Cancer </span><br />
<span class="longtext"></span><span title="Terdapat sariawan pada mulut, lidah dan gusi yang tidak kunjung sembuh.">There is a thrush in the mouth, tongue and gums that do not heal.</span><br />
<span class="longtext"></span><span title="Kanker Nasofaring">Nasopharyngeal Cancer </span><br />
<span class="longtext"></span><span title="Perdarahan melalui hidung yang ringan hingga berat, atau sumbatan pada hidung, telinga nyeri, telinga berdenging, rasa tidak nyaman, keluhan pada mata berupa pandangan ganda, pembesaran atau benjolan di leher.">Bleeding through the nose is mild to severe, or blockage of the nose, ear pain, ear ringing, discomfort, eye complaints in the form of double vision, enlargement or lump in the neck.</span><br />
<span class="longtext"></span><span title="Kanker Leher Rahim">Cervical Cancer </span><br />
<span class="longtext"></span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><span title="Gejala paling umum dari kanker leher rahim adalah perdarahan abnormal dari vagina atau flek (bercak) vagina.">The most common symptom of cervical cancer is abnormal vaginal bleeding or spotting (spotting) of the vagina. </span></span><span title="Perdarahan abnormal ini terutama terjadi setelah berhubungan seksual, namun dapat muncul juga perdarahan diantara 2 siklus menstruasi, menoragia, atau bercak / perdarahan postmenopause.">Abnormal bleeding is especially true after sexual intercourse, but can occur also between two menstrual bleeding, menorrhagia, or spotting / bleeding postmenopause. </span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><span title="Bila perdarahan berlangsung dalam jangka waktu lama maka pasien dapat mengeluh lelah dan lemas karena anemia yang dialaminya.">If the bleeding lasts for a long time the patient may complain of fatigue and weakness due to anemia experienced. </span><span title="Bercak kekuningan yang encer diikuti dengan bau amis dapat merupakan tanda-tanda keganasan.">Watery yellowish spots which can be followed with the fishy smell is a sign of malignancy. </span><span title="Gejala biasanya baru muncul ketika sel yang abnormal berubah menjadi keganasan dan menyusup ke jaringan sekitarnya.">Symptoms usually only appear when the abnormal cells turn into malignancy and infiltrate into surrounding tissue. </span></span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><br />
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<span class="longtext"></span><span title="Pada stadium lanjut, pasien dapat mengeluh bercak vagina yang berbau, penurunan berat badan, dan obstruksi (sumbatan) dalam berkemih.">In later stages, patients may complain of smelling vaginal spotting, weight loss, and obstruction (blockage) in urination. </span></span><span title="Apabila kanker sudah menyebar ke panggul maka nyeri punggung dapat terjadi diikuti dengan hambatan dalam berkemih serta hidronefrosis (pembesaran ginjal)."></span><span class="longtext">If the cancer has spread to the pelvis back pain may occur followed by a bottleneck in urination as well as hydronephrosis (enlarged kidneys). </span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><span title="Gejala kandung kemih maupun rektum (hematuri <kencing berdarah>, hematoschezia < BAB berdarah>, fistula) dapat berhubungan dengan penyebaran ke kandung kemih serta rektum pada tumor invasif.">Symptoms of bladder or rectum (hematuri <kencing berdarah>, hematoschezia <CHAPTER bloody>, fistulas) may be associated with spread to the bladder and rectum in invasive tumors. </span></span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><br />
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</span><span class="longtext"></span><span title="Untuk menjadi kanker serviks dibutuhkan waktu sampai belasan tahun.">To become cervical cancer takes up to a dozen years. </span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><span title="Lesi (luka atau tanda) dini pada kanker leher rahim dapat berupa lesi indurasi (keras) ataupun ulserasi (luka bernanah), atau daerah yang sedikit elevasi (meninggi) dan bergranul yang mudah berdarah bila disentuh.">Lesions (wounds or marks) in early cervical cancer can be a lesion induration (hard) or ulceration (ulcers), or areas of little elevation (elevated) and bergranul that bleed easily when touched. </span></span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><br />
</span><span class="longtext"></span><span title="Kanker Ovarium">Ovarian Cancer </span><br />
<span class="longtext"></span><span title="Sebanyak 60% wanita yang didiagnosis menderita kanker ovarium sudah memasuki tahap lanjut dari penyakit ini.">As many as 60% of women diagnosed with ovarian cancer has entered advanced stages of disease. </span><span title="Pada umumnya tidak didapatkan gejala dini pada kanker ini, seandainya ada biasanya samar-samar.">Generally not found on this cancer early symptoms, if there are usually vague. </span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><span title="Gejala tersebut termasuk diantaranya nyeri pada panggul, kembung, mudah lelah, penurunan berat badan, konstipasi (sembelit), perdarahan menstruasi yang tidak teratur.">The symptoms include pelvic pain, bloating, tiredness, weight loss, constipation (constipation), irregular menstrual bleeding. </span><span title="Pada pemeriksaan fisik didapatkan adanya suatu massa atau benjolan pada panggul merupakan tanda yang perlu dicurigai.">On physical examination found the presence of a mass or lump in the hip is a sign that should be suspected. </span></span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><br />
</span><span class="longtext"></span><span title="Kanker Payudara">Breast Cancer </span><br />
<span class="longtext"></span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><span title="Adanya benjolan, penebalan kulit (tickening), perubahan bentuk, gatal - gatal, kemerahan, rasa sakit yang tidak berhubungan dengan menyusui atau menstruasi.">Lumps, thickening of the skin (tickening), change shape, itching - itching, redness, pain not related to breastfeeding or menstruating. </span></span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><br />
</span><span class="longtext"></span><span title="Kanker Saluran Pencernaan">Gastrointestinal Cancer </span><br />
<span class="longtext"></span><span title="Adanya darah dalam kotoran yang ditandai dengan warna merah terang atau hitam, rasa tidak enak terus - menerus pada perut, benjolan pada perut, rasa sakit setelah makan, penurunan berat badan.">The presence of blood in the stools which are marked with bright red or black, discomfort continue - constantly on the stomach, lump in the abdomen, pain after eating, weight loss.</span><br />
<span class="longtext"></span><span title="Kanker Rahim (uterus)">Uterus Cancer (uterus) </span><br />
<span class="longtext"></span><span title="Pendarahan diperiode - periode datang bulan, pengeluaran darah saat mens yang tidak seperti biasanya dan rasa sakit yang luar biasa.">Bleeding diperiode - coming month period, the expenditure of blood during menses unusual and incredible pain.</span><br />
<span class="longtext"></span><span title="Kanker Kolon / Dinding Usus">Cancer Colon / Bowel Wall </span><br />
<span class="longtext"></span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><span title="Pendarahan pada rectum, ada darah pada kotoran, perubahan buang air besar (diare yang terus menerus atau sulit buang air besar).">Bleeding in the rectum, there is blood in the stool, change in bowel movements (diarrhea is continuous or difficult bowel movements). </span></span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><br />
</span><span class="longtext"></span><span title="Kanker Kandung Kemih atau Ginjal">Bladder or Kidney Cancer </span><br />
<span class="longtext"></span><span title="Ada darah pada air seni, rasa sakit atau perih pada saat buang air kecil, keseringan atau kesulitan buang air kecil, sakit pada kandung kemih.">There was blood in the urine, pain or burning on urination, frequency or difficulty urinating, pain in the bladder. </span><br />
<span class="longtext"></span><span title="Kanker prostat">Prostate cancer </span><br />
<span class="longtext"></span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><span title="Kencing tidak lancar, rasa sakit yang terus menerus pada pinggang belakang, penis dan paha atas.">Urinating is not smooth, continuous pain in the back waist, penis and upper thigh. </span></span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><br />
</span><span class="longtext"></span><span title="Leukemia">Leukemia </span><br />
<span class="longtext"></span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><span title="Pucat, kelelahan kronis, penurunan berat badan, sering kena infeksi, mudah terluka, rasa sakit pada tulang dan persendian, mimisan.">Pallor, chronic fatigue, weight loss, often subject to infection, easily hurt, pain in bones and joints, nosebleeds. </span></span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><br />
</span><span class="longtext"></span><span title="Kanker Kulit">Skin Cancer </span><br />
<span class="longtext"></span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><span title="Benjolan pada kulit yang menyerupai kutil (mengeras seperti tanduk), infeksi yang tidak sembuh - sembuh, bintik-bintik berubah warna dan ukuran, rasa sakit pada daerah tertentu, perubahan warna kulit berupa bercak-bercak.">Bumps on the skin that resemble warts (hardened like horns), infection is not cured - cured, the spots change color and size, pain in certain areas, change in skin color of the spots. </span></span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><br />
</span><span class="longtext"></span><span title="Komplikasi">Complication </span><br />
<span class="longtext"></span><span title="Komplikasi yang sering terjadi pada pasien kanker adalah infeksi yaitu pada pengidap kanker stadium lanjut.">A frequent complication in cancer patients is an infection that is in people with advanced cancer. </span><span title="Infeksi terjadi akibat kekurangan protein dan zat gizi lainnya serta penekanan sistem imun yang sering terjadi setelah pengobatan konvensional.">Infections caused by deficiency of protein and other nutrients as well as immune system suppression that often occurs after conventional treatment. </span><br />
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<span class="longtext"></span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><span title="Pengobatan kanker bergantung pada jenis atau tipe kanker yang diderita, darimana asal kanker tersebut atau pola penyebarannya.">Cancer treatment depends on the type or types of cancer, where the origin of the cancer or its spread pattern. </span></span><span title="Umur, kondisi kesehatan umum pasien serta system pengobatan juga mempengaruhi proses pengobatan kanker.">Age, general health condition of patients and treatment system also affects the process of cancer treatment. </span><br />
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<span class="longtext"></span><span title="Pengobatan yang umumnya diberikan adalah melalui :">Treatment is generally given by: </span><br />
<span class="longtext"></span><span title="1.">1. </span><span title="Pembedahan atau operasi">Surgery or surgery </span><br />
<span class="longtext"></span><span title="2.">2. </span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><span title="Kemoterapi (dengan obat – obatan) atau">Chemotherapy (with drugs - drugs) or </span></span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><br />
</span><span class="longtext"></span><span title="3.">3. </span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><span title="Radioterapi (menggunakan sinar radiasi).">Radiotherapy (using radiation beam). </span></span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><br />
</span><span class="longtext"></span><span title="4.">4. </span><span title="Terapi hormonal">Hormonal therapy </span><br />
<span class="longtext"></span><span title="5.">5. </span><span title="Terapi biologik">Biological Therapy </span><br />
<span class="longtext"></span><span title="6.">6. </span><span title="Imunoterapi (peningkatan daya tahan tubuh)">Immunotherapy (an increase endurance) </span><br />
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<span class="longtext"></span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><span title="Secara umum biasanya digunakan lebih dari satu macam cara pengobatan di atas, misalnya pembedahan yang diikuti oleh kemoterapi atau radioterapi, bahkan seringkali pengobatan digunakan dengan kombinasi (operasi, kemoterapi dan radioterapi).">In general, typically use more than one kind of treatment in the above manner, such as surgery followed by chemotherapy or radiotherapy, often used in combination treatment (surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy). </span><span title="Sesudah itu, kadang – kadang diberikan terapi hormonal dan biologik kebanyakan sesuai dengan kebutuhan.">After that, sometimes - sometimes given hormonal therapy and biologic most suit your needs. </span></span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><br />
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<span class="longtext"></span><span title="Tujuan utama operasi adalah mengangkat kanker secara keseluruhan, karena kanker hanya dapat sembuh kalau belum menjalar ke tempat lain.">The main objective is to remove the cancer surgery as a whole, because the cancer can be cured only if you have not spread to other places. </span><span title="Sedangkn kemoterapi dan radiasi bertujuan untuk membunuh sel kanker atau menghentikan pertumbuhan sel kanker yang masih tertinggal, atau paling tidak memperlambat perkembangan sel kanker baru.">Sedangkn aim of chemotherapy and radiation to kill cancer cells or stop the growth of cancer cells that are still left behind, or at least slow down the development of new cancer cells. </span><br />
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<span class="longtext"></span><span title="Dengan demikian kanker dapat disembuhkan secara total melalui pengobatan kemoterapi dan radiasi atau bila kanker sudah sedemikian lanjut, setidaknya pengobatan tersebut dapat berfungsi untuk mengurangi gejalanya.">Thus, cancer can be cured through chemotherapy and radiation treatment or when the cancer was so advanced, at least such treatment can serve to reduce the symptoms. </span><br />
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</span><span class="longtext"></span><span title="Diet">Diet </span><br />
<span class="longtext"></span><span title="Makanan yang bervariasi sangat diperlukan dalam pola diet yang seimbang.">Foods that vary greatly needed in a balanced diet. </span><span title="Walaupun kita kadang tidak merasa lapar, cobalah untuk tetap makan secara teratur walaupun hanya berupa makanan ringan.">Although we sometimes do not feel hungry, try to keep eating regularly, although only in the form of snacks. </span><br />
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<span class="longtext"></span><span title="Pasien harus fleksibel terhadap perubahan pola makan.">Patients should be flexible to changes in eating patterns. </span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><span title="Konsumsilah porsi makanan besar pada saat selera sedang baik untuk menggantikan kekurangan porsi pada saat pasien sedang kehilangan selera makan.">Eat a big meal when appetite is good to replace the deficiency portion of the time a patient is losing your appetite. </span></span><span title="Hubungi ahli gizi anda untuk masalah diet.">Contact your dietician for dietary problems. </span><br />
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<span class="longtext"></span><span title="Cairan">Fluid </span><br />
<span class="longtext"></span><span title="Cairan sangat diperlukan untuk membuang sisa obat kemoterapi dalam tubuh serta untuk mengurangi efek samping yang dapat timbul.">The liquid is needed to flush the chemotherapy drugs in the body as well as to reduce the side effects that may arise. </span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><span title="Bila obat diberikan secara intravenous, maka pasien perlu minum dalam jumlah yang banyak dalam waktu 24 – 48 jam setelah kemoterapi.">When the drug is given intravenously, the patient needs to drink in large quantities within 24-48 hours after chemotherapy. </span></span><span title="Bila obat kemo diberikan melalui mulut, maka cairan yang banyak diperlukan pada saat yang bersamaan pada waktu pemberian obat.">If the chemotherapy drug administered by mouth, so fluid that are needed at the same time at the time of drug delivery. </span><br />
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<span class="longtext"></span><span title="Tanyakan jumlah cairan yang harus diminum.">Ask the amount of fluid that must be taken. </span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><span title="Sup, jelly dan buah-buahan dapat dikonsumsi untuk menggantikan cairan yang hilang selain minum air dalam jumlah yang banyak.">Soup, jelly and fruit can be consumed to replace lost fluids in addition to drinking water in significant amounts. </span></span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><br />
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</span><span class="longtext"></span><span title="Perawatan Kulit">Skin Care </span><br />
<span class="longtext"></span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><span title="Peliharalah kulit selama menjalani kemoterapi, terutama dari ruam, infeksi, mengelupas atau perubahan pada kuku.">Nurture the skin during chemotherapy, particularly from rashes, infections, peeling or changes in the nails. </span><span title="Bila ada kelainan, periksakan pada dokter.">If any abnormalities, check with your doctor. </span></span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><br />
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<span class="longtext"></span><span title="Udara yang segar dan bersih akan sangat membantu kondisi kulit.">The air is fresh and clean will greatly help the skin condition. </span></span><span title="Kulit mungkin akan berubah menjadi lebih sensitive terhadap matahari, lindungilah dengan memakai topi, baju lengan panjang dan sunscreen."></span><span class="longtext">The skin may be changed to be more sensitive to the sun, protect by wearing a hat, long sleeves and sunscreen. </span><br />
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<span class="longtext"></span><span title="Dukungan Keluarga dan Kerabat">Support Family and Relatives </span><br />
<span class="longtext"></span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><span title="Setiap orang memberikan reaksi yang berbeda ketika pertama kali mendengar mereka mengidap kanker.">Every person reacts differently when I first heard they have cancer. </span></span><span title="Perasaan akan menjadi kacau dan mudah berubah.">Feelings will be chaotic and volatile. </span><span title="Perasaan khawatir dan tertekan merupakan reaksi yang normal.">Feeling worried and depressed is a normal reaction. </span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><span title="Beberapa orang akan cenderung memikirkan penyakit saja sementara yang lain berpikir tentang pengobatannya.">Some people would tend to think of just the disease while others think about treatment. </span></span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><br />
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<span class="longtext"></span><span title="Keluarga dan teman seringkali sangat dibutuhkan sebagai pendamping atau teman dalam menghadapi masa sulit tersebut.">Family and friends often are needed as a companion or friend in the face of this difficult time. </span><span title="Berbicara dengan keluarga dan teman dapat meringankan beban tersebut.">Talking with family and friends can ease the burden. </span></span><span title="Kadang – kadang berbagi dengan orang luar lebih mudah dilakukan."></span><span class="longtext">Sometimes - sometimes shared with outsiders more easily done. </span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><span title="Bicaralah dengan orang yang dituakan, atau seorang pemuka agama.">Talk to the elder person, or a religious leader. </span></span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><br />
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<span class="longtext"></span><span title="Menderita kanker erat hubungannya dengan masalah keuangan.">Suffering from cancer are closely related to financial issues. </span><span title="Hal ini amat penting untuk dibahas bersama keluarga dan dokternya, secara terbuka dan jujur.">It is very important to discuss with family and doctor, openly and honestly. </span><span title="Diskusikanlah masalah ini, jangan memaksa untuk menanggungnya sendiri.">Discuss this problem, do not be forced to bear alone. </span><br />
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</span><span class="longtext"></span><span title="Tetaplah dalam kondisi fit dan aktif.">Stay fit and active. </span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><span title="Hidup secara normal seperti biasa dan tetaplah untuk selalu berpikiran positif.">Normal life as usual and keep to always think positive. </span><span title="Usahakan untuk kembali pada aktifitas semula setelah kemoterapi (bicarakan hal tersebut dengan atasan dan dokter).">Try to get back on its original activity after chemotherapy (talk to your boss and your doctor). </span></span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><br />
<br />
</span><span class="longtext"></span><span title="Pada akhirnya, kemoterapi merupakan upaya bersama.">In the end, chemotherapy is a joint effort. </span><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><span title="Keluarga, kerabat, atasan beserta rekan kerja amat perlu untuk mendukung dan berperan dalam proses.">Family, relatives, coworkers and their boss is very necessary to support and contribute to the process. </span><span title="PASIEN ADALAH TOKOH UTAMA dalam proses ini, dituntun oleh seorang dokter yang terampil, biasa menghadapi pasien kanker dan menguasai perihal obat – obatan antikanker serta efek samping.">PATIENT IS A KEY FIGURE in this process, guided by a skilled physician, used to dealing with cancer patients and controls regarding the drug - as well as side effects of anticancer drugs. </span><span title="Namun, keberhasilan menjadi tanggung jawab semua orang yang mengelilinginya, khususnya keluarga, karena pada akhirnya pasien akan berhasil dengan dukungan orang – orang di sekitarnya.">However, the success of the responsibility of all who surrounded him, especially families, because ultimately the patient will succeed with the support of people - those around him.</span></span></div>Healthy Livinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13765618353644060052noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4316373808552080954.post-77566204002047957422011-09-18T04:54:00.000-07:002011-09-18T05:02:58.891-07:00Abortion<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfvX0CWSWPFZ2SXp2zcDFL0fmSvvyBUuTrXlz9ClwRhVWNtvH5PYRjxJRIZZnNLmack07G_UWu7oqv_VturltsvjTWiQ2kBLIn6UawweuCmorlAYMle0q-bOgWcBln7HC5A0pvwDCHZ-k/s1600/xvcqzp3i.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="152" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfvX0CWSWPFZ2SXp2zcDFL0fmSvvyBUuTrXlz9ClwRhVWNtvH5PYRjxJRIZZnNLmack07G_UWu7oqv_VturltsvjTWiQ2kBLIn6UawweuCmorlAYMle0q-bOgWcBln7HC5A0pvwDCHZ-k/s200/xvcqzp3i.jpg" width="200" /></a><span lang="EN">Definition<br />
<br />
</span><span title="Menggugurkan kandungan atau dalam dunia kedokteran dikenal dengan istilah “abortus” adalah pengakhiran kehamilan sebelum usia 20 minggu kehamilan atau berat bayi kurang dari 500 g (ketika janin belum dapat hidup di luar kandungan).1 Angka kejadian aborsi meningkat dengan bertambahnya usia dan terdapatnya riwayat aborsi">Abortion or in the world of medicine known as "abortion" is the termination of a pregnancy before the age of 20 weeks of pregnancy or baby weighs less than 500 g (when the fetus is not viable outside the womb) .1 The incidence of abortion increases with age and the presence of a history of abortion </span><span title="sebelumnya.">previously. </span><span title="Proses abortus dapat berlangsung secara :">Abortion process can take place:</span><br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">1.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span><span lang="EN">Spontaneous / natural (occurs naturally, without any action)</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">2.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span><span lang="EN">Artificial / deliberate (intentional abortion),</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">3.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span><span lang="EN">Therapeutic / Medical (abortions performed on medical indication for the presence of a problem or complication).</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt;"><span lang="EN"><br />
</span><span title="Frekuensi terjadinya aborsi di Indonesia sangat sulit dihitung secara akurat karena banyaknya kasus aborsi buatan / sengaja yang tidak dilaporkan.">The frequency of abortion in Indonesia is very difficult to quantify accurately because of the many cases of artificial abortion / intentionally unreported. </span><span title="Berdasarkan perkiraan dari BKBN, ada sekitar 2 juta kasus aborsi yang terjadi setiap tahunnya.">Based on estimates from BKBN, there are about 2 million cases of abortions that occur each year. </span><span title="Pada penelitian di Amerika Serikat terdapat 1,2 – 1,6 juta aborsi yang disengaja dalam 10 tahun terakhir dan merupakan pilihan wanita Amerika untuk kehamilan yang tidak diinginkan.">In the study in the United States there are 1.2 to 1.6 million abortions are intentional in the last 10 years and is the choice of American women to unwanted pregnancies. </span><span title="Secara keseluruhan, di seluruh dunia, aborsi adalah penyebab kematian yang paling utama dibandingkan kanker maupun penyakit jantung.">Overall, the whole world, abortion is a major cause of death than cancer or heart disease.<br />
<br />
</span><span title="Tanda dan Gejala">Signs and Symptoms</span> :<span lang="EN"><br />
</span><span title="Nyeri perut bagian bawah">1. <span lang="EN">Lower abdominal pain<br />
</span></span><span title="Keram pada rahim">2. <span lang="EN">Cramps in the uterus<br />
</span></span><span title="Nyeri pada punggung">3. <span lang="EN">Pain in the back<br />
</span></span><span title="Perdarahan dari kemaluan">4. <span lang="EN">Bleeding from the pubic<br />
</span></span><span title="Pembukaan leher rahim">5. <span lang="EN">The opening of the cervix<br />
</span></span><span title="Pengeluaran janin dari dalam rahim">6. <span lang="EN">Expenditures fetus from the womb<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" /> <br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" /> </span></span></div><span title="Pemeriksaan penunjang"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt;"><span title="Pemeriksaan penunjang"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN">Investigations</span></b><span lang="EN"><br />
</span><span title="Pemeriksaan yang perlu dilakukan adalah pemeriksaan USG, pemeriksaan darah, dan pemeriksaan hormonal kadar B-hCG.">Checks that need to be done is an ultrasound examination, blood tests, and examination of hormonal levels of B-hCG.<br />
<br />
</span><span title="Tatalaksana pasca abortus"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Management of post-abortion</b><br />
</span><span title="Pemeriksaan untuk mencari penyebab abortus spontan dengan menggunakan USG atau kadar B-hCG selama 1-2 bulan berikutnya.">Tests to find the cause of spontaneous abortion using ultrasound or B-hCG levels over the next 1-2 months. </span><span title="Sesudah mengalami abortus, ibu dianjurkan jangan hamil dulu selama 3 bulan kemudian (jika perlu gunakan kontrasepsi kondom atau pil).">After experiencing abortion, mothers are encouraged not to become pregnant during the first 3 months later (if necessary use a condom or the contraceptive pill).</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt;"><span title="Pemeriksaan penunjang"><span lang="EN"><br />
</span><span title="Alasan"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Reason</b><br />
</span><span title="Aborsi yang dilakukan seorang wanita hamil memiliki berbagai macam alasan, baik alasan medis maupun alasan non medis.">Abortion is a woman does become pregnant have a variety of reasons, good reasons both medical and non medical reasons. </span><span title="Menurut studi dari Aida Torres dan Jacqueline Sarroch Forrest (1998), menyatakan bahwa hanya 1 % kasus aborsi karena perkosaan atau incest (hubungan intim satu darah), 3 % karena membahayakan nyawa calon ibu, dan 3 % karena janin akan tumbuh dengan cacat tubuh yang">According to the study of Aida Torres and Jacqueline Sarroch Forrest (1998), states that only 1% of cases of abortion due to rape or incest (sexual intercourse one blood), 3% due to endanger the lives of expectant mothers, and 3% because the fetus will grow up with a physical disability that </span><span title="serius.">seriously. </span><span title="Sedangkan 93 % kasus aborsi lainnya adalah karena alasan-alasan non medis diantaranya adalah tidak ingin memiliki anak dengan alasan takut mengganggu karir atau sekolah, tidak memiliki cukup uang untuk merawat anak, dan tidak ingin memiliki anak tanpa ayah.">While 93% of cases of other abortions are due to non-medical reasons include not want to have children, citing fears interfere with your career or school, do not have enough money to care for children, and do not want to have children without fathers.<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" /> <br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" /> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt;"><span title="Pemeriksaan penunjang"><span lang="EN"><br />
</span><span title="Penyebab"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Cause</b><br />
</span><span title="Penyebab abortus spontan bervariasi meliputi infeksi, faktor hormonal, kelainan bentuk rahim, faktor imunologi (kekebalan tubuh), dan penyakit dari ibu.">The cause of spontaneous abortion varied include infection, hormonal factors, cervical deformities, immunological factors (immune system), and diseases of the mother. </span><span title="Penyebab abortus pada umumnya terbagi atas faktor janin dan faktor ibu.">The cause of abortion in general are divided over fetal factors and maternal factors.<br />
<br />
</span><span title="Faktor Janin"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Fetal factors</b><br />
</span><span title="Pada umumnya abortus spontan yang terjadi karena faktor janin disebabkan karena terdapatnya kelainan pada perkembangan janin [seperti kelainan kromosom (genetik)], gangguan pada ari-ari, maupun kecelakaan pada janin.">In general, spontaneous abortion that occurs due to factors caused by the presence of fetal abnormalities in fetal development [such as chromosomal abnormalities (genetic)], disorders of the placenta, and fetal injury. </span><span title="Frekuensi terjadinya kelainan kromosom (genetik) pada triwulan pertama berkisar sebesar 60%.">The frequency of chromosomal abnormalities (genetic) in the first quarter of the range of 60%.<br />
<br />
</span><span title="Faktor ibu"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Maternal factors</b><br />
</span><span title="Beberapa hal yang berkaitan dengan faktor ibu yang dapat menyebabkan abortus spontan adalah faktor genetik orangtua yang berperan sebagai carrier (pembawa) di dalam kelainan genetik; infeksi pada kehamilan seperti herpes simpleks virus, cytomegalovirus, sifilis, gonorrhea; kelainan hormonal seperti hipertiroid, kencing manis yang">Several issues related to maternal factors that may cause spontaneous abortion is the parent of genetic factors that play a role as a carrier (carrier) in the genetic disorder; infection in pregnancy such as herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus, syphilis, gonorrhea; hormonal disorders such as hyperthyroidism, diabetes is </span><span title="tidak terkontrol; kelainan jantung; kelainan bawaan dari rahim, seperti rahim bikornu (rahim yang bertanduk), rahim yang bersepta (memiliki selaput pembatas di dalamnya) maupun parut rahim akibat riwayat kuret atau operasi rahim sebelumnya.">Uncontrolled; cardiac abnormalities; congenital abnormalities of the uterus, such as bikornu uterus (uterine horns), uterus bersepta (a membrane barrier in it) and uterine scar due to a history of previous uterine curettage or surgery. </span><span title="Mioma pada rahim juga berkaitan dengan angka kejadian aborsi spontan.">Myoma of the uterus is also associated with the incidence of spontaneous abortion.<br />
<br />
</span><span title="Faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan terjadinya abortus adalah :">Risk factors associated with the occurrence of abortion is:<br />
</span></span></div><span title="Usia ibu yang lanjut">1. <span lang="EN">Advanced maternal age<br />
</span></span><span title="Riwayat kehamilan sebelumnya yang kurang baik">2. <span lang="EN">History of previous pregnancies that are less well<br />
</span></span><span title="Riwayat infertilitas (tidak memiliki anak)">3. <span lang="EN">History of infertility (no children)<br />
</span></span><span title="Adanya kelainan atau penyakit yang menyertai kehamilan">4. <span lang="EN">Abnormalities or diseases that accompany pregnancy<br />
</span></span><span title="Infeksi (cacar, toxoplasma, dll)">5. <span lang="EN">Infections (measles, toxoplasma, etc.)<br />
</span></span><span title="Paparan dengan berbagai macam zat kimia (rokok, obat-obatab, alkohol, radiasi)">6. <span lang="EN">Exposure to a wide range of chemical substances (cigarettes, drug-obatab, alcohol, radiation)<br />
</span></span><span title="Trauma pada perut atau panggul pada 3 bulan pertama kehamilan">7. <span lang="EN">Trauma to the abdomen or pelvis in the first 3 months of pregnancy<br />
</span></span><span title="Kelainan kromosom (genetik)">8. <span lang="EN">Abnormalities of chromosomes (genetic)<br />
<br />
</span><span title="Proses abortus sendiri terbagi atas :"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">The process itself is divided on abortion:</b><br />
<br />
</span><span title="Abortus imminens"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Abortion imminens</b><br />
</span><span title="Abortus imminens adalah terjadinya perdarahan dari rahim sebelum kehamilan mencapai usia 20 minggu, dimana janin masih berada di dalam rahim dan tanpa disertai pembukaan dari leher rahim.">Imminens abortion is bleeding from the uterus before the pregnancy reaches 20 weeks of age, where the fetus was still inside the womb and without the opening of the cervix. </span><span title="Apabila janin masih hidup maka kehamilan dapat dipertahankan, akan tetapi apabila janin mengalami kematian, maka dapat terjadi abortus spontan.">If the fetus is still alive then the pregnancy can be maintained, but if the fetus to die, they can lead to spontaneous abortion. </span><span title="Penentuan kehidupan janin dapat dilakukan dengan pemeriksaan USG (Ultrasonografi) untuk melihat gerakan dan denyut jantung janin.">Determination of fetal life can be done by ultrasound examination (ultrasound) to see the movement and fetal heart rate. </span><span title="Denyut jantung janin dapat juga didengarkan melalui alat Doppler atau Laennec apabila janin sudah mencapai usia 12 – 16 minggu.">Fetal heart rate can also be heard through the Doppler or Laennec if the fetus has reached the age of 12-16 weeks. </span><span title="Tatalaksana yang dilakukan meliputi istirahat baring.">Procedures performed included rest breaks.<br />
<br />
</span><span title="Abortus insipiens"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Abortion insipiens</b><br />
</span><span title="Abortus insipiens adalah peristiwa terjadinya perdarahan dari rahim pada kehamilan sebelum 20 minggu, dengan adanya pembukaan leher rahim, namun janin masih berada di dalam rahim.">Abortion insipiens is the event of bleeding from the uterus in pregnancy before 20 weeks, with the opening of the cervix, but the fetus was still inside the womb. </span><span title="Pada tahapan ini terjadi perdarahan dari rahim dengan kontraksi yang semakin lama semakin kuat dan semakin sering, diikuti dengan pembukaan leher rahim.">At this stage there is bleeding from the uterus with contractions that are increasingly stronger and more frequent, followed by the opening of the cervix.<br />
</span><span title="Tatalaksana yang dilakukan adalah pengeluaran sisa hasil konsepsi (pertemuan sel telur dan sel sperma) dengan infus oksitosin, dan / atau dengan kuretase.">Treatment is done is spending the rest of the products of conception (meeting the egg and sperm cells) with oxytocin infusion, and / or by curettage.<br />
</span><span title="Abortus inkompletus">Abortion inkompletus<br />
<br />
</span><span title="Pada abortus inkompletus, produk konsepsi (janin) sebagian sudah keluar akan tetapi masih ada sisa yang tertinggal di dalam rahim.">On abortion inkompletus, products of conception (the fetus) but the part was out there was still some left in the womb. </span><span title="Gejala yang terjadi adalah keram pada rahim disertai perdarahan rahim dalam jumlah banyak, terjadi pembukaan, dan sebagian jaringan keluar.">Symptoms that occur are accompanied by cramps in the uterus uterine bleeding in large quantities, the opening occurred, and some tissue out. </span><span title="Penanganan yang dilaksanakan adalah mengawasi kondisi ibu agar tetap stabil dan pengeluaran seluruh jaringan hasil konsepsi yang masih tertinggal di dalam rahim.">Handling is carried out in order to monitor the mother's condition remained stable and spending the entire network of products of conception are still left in the womb.<br />
<br />
</span><span title="Abortus kompletus"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Abortion kompletus</b><br />
</span><span title="Abortus kompletus ditandai dengan pengeluaran lengkap seluruh hasil konsepsi yang diikuti dengan sedikit perdarahan, dan nyeri.">Abortion kompletus characterized by a complete spending all products of conception followed by a little bleeding, and pain. </span><span title="Tatalaksana yang dilakukan adalah peningkatan keadaan umum ibu.">Treatment is done is increase the general state of the mother.<br />
<br />
</span><span title="Missed abortion"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Missed abortion</b><br />
</span><span title="Pada kasus missed abortion, kematian janin terjadi tanpa adanya pengeluaran dari hasil konsepsi.">In the case of missed abortion, fetal death occurs without the expenditure of the products of conception. </span><span title="Alasan mengapa janin yang meninggal tidak keluar masih belum jelas.">The reason why the fetus that died did not come out is still unclear. </span><span title="Biasanya didahului dengan tanda dan gejala abortus imminens yang kemudian menghilang spontan atau menghilang setelah pengobatan.">Usually preceded by signs and symptoms of abortion imminens who later disappeared spontaneously or disappear after treatment. </span><span title="Tes kehamilan menjadi negatif, tanda-tanda kehamilan tidak ada, dan denyut jantung janin tidak dapat terdeteksi.">A pregnancy test is negative, the signs of pregnancy does not exist, and fetal heart rate can not be detected.<br />
<br />
</span><span title="Abortus terapeutik"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Therapeutic abortion</b><br />
</span><span title="Abortus yang dilakukan pada usia kehamilan kurang dari 12 minggu atas pertimbangan kesehatan wanita, dimana apabila kehamilan itu dilanjutkan akan membahayakan dirinya.">Abortion is performed on gestational age of less than 12 weeks on the consideration of women's health, which if continued pregnancy would endanger her. </span><span title="Misalnya pada wanita dengan kelainan jantung.">For example in women with cardiac abnormalities. </span><span title="Dapat juga dilakukan atas pertimbangan kelainan janin yang berat.">Can also be done on the consideration of severe fetal abnormalities.<br />
<br />
</span><span title="Abortus septik"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Septic abortion</b><br />
</span><span title="Abortus spontan dapat diikuti dengan komplikasi infeksi.">Spontaneous abortion may be followed by infectious complications. </span><span title="Infeksi dapat terjadi akibat tindakan abortus yang tidak sesuai dengan prosedur (misalnya oleh dukun).">Infection can occur due to acts of abortion is not in accordance with the procedure (for instance by shamans). </span><span title="Infeksi yang terjadi pada umumnya endometritis, yang bisa berkembang menjadi parametritis dan peritonitis.">Infections that occur in general endometritis, which can develop into parametritis and peritonitis.<br />
<br />
</span><span title="Abortus berulang"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Recurrent abortion</b><br />
</span><span title="Abortus berulang adalah abortus yang terjadi sebanyak 3 kali atau lebih pada 3 bulan pertama kehamilan.">Recurrent abortion is abortion which occurred 3 times or more in the first 3 months of pregnancy. </span><span title="Abortus berulang primer terjadi pada wanita yang belum pernah memiliki anak yang hidup sebelumnya.">Primary recurrent abortions occur in women who have never had a child who lived before. </span><span title="Abortus berulang sekunder adalah abortus yang terjadi pada wanita yang sebelumnya sudah pernah memiliki anak lahir hidup.">Secondary recurrent abortion is abortion that occurs in women who previously had never had a child born alive.</span></span>Healthy Livinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13765618353644060052noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4316373808552080954.post-51011183377078255642011-09-09T23:53:00.000-07:002011-09-18T04:34:57.161-07:00Chicken Pox In Children<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcLFnhKZOqOAAVAkkjHJ0rKSaf1YfttdZwRAdya711qdV2hhga1YxxAy61dQWje5e-DsrHHcfEM3z9-EvsuXMzaxTSnOIKsxJFXV2Iy4nGHBGRF2bbFzU3Dhtwk8wbc_1INm3YVlXox7k/s1600/cacarair1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="152" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcLFnhKZOqOAAVAkkjHJ0rKSaf1YfttdZwRAdya711qdV2hhga1YxxAy61dQWje5e-DsrHHcfEM3z9-EvsuXMzaxTSnOIKsxJFXV2Iy4nGHBGRF2bbFzU3Dhtwk8wbc_1INm3YVlXox7k/s200/cacarair1.jpg" width="200" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><br />
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Chicken Pox (Varicella, Chickenpox) is a contagious viral infection that often arise and cause a skin rash in the form of a collection of small spots are flat or protruding, fluid-filled blisters and scabs, which cause itching.<br />
Cause<br />
The reason is the varicella-zoster virus.<br />
The virus is transmitted through saliva splashes patient or via objects contaminated by fluid from the blisters of the skin.<br />
Patients can transmit the disease from onset of symptoms until the last blister has dried. Therefore, to prevent contagion, patients should be isolated (sequestered).<br />
If someone has had chickenpox, then he will have immunity and will not suffer from chicken pox again. But the virus can remain dormant in the human body, and sometimes becomes active again and cause shingles.<br />
<br />
Symptoms and signs<br />
Symptoms begin to appear (incubation period) within 10-21 days after infection. Usually the patient had been infected with the virus for more than 48 hours before symptoms appear.<br />
<br />
In children aged over 10 years, the initial symptoms of headache, fever being and malaise, decreased appetite. The symptoms are usually not found in children younger symptoms in adults are usually more severe.<br />
24-36 hours after onset of initial symptoms, red spots appear flat (macular). Then the prominent spots (papules), forming a fluid-filled blisters (vesicles) with itching, which eventually will dry up. This process takes time for 6-8 hours. Furthermore, we will form spots and new blisters.<br />
<br />
On the fifth day, usually no longer form new blisters, the blisters will dry up on the sixth day and disappear in less than 20 days.<br />
<br />
Papules on the face, arms and legs are relatively few, usually are found in the upper torso (chest, back, shoulder). The spots often found on the scalp.<br />
<br />
Papules in the mouth quickly rupture and form open sores (ulcers), which often causes swallowing disorders. Ulcers can also be found on the eyelids, upper respiratory tract, rectum and vagina. Papules on the vocal cords and upper respiratory tract sometimes causes respiratory problems.<br />
<br />
Can occur pembengkaan lymph nodes in the neck side.<br />
<br />
Chicken pox rarely causes the formation of scar tissue, if any, only a small indentation around the eyes. Chickenpox sores can become infected due to scratching and is usually caused by staphylococci.<br />
<br />
Treatment<br />
Treatment is usually given in the form of supportive treatment / symptomatic and maintain good hygiene to avoid secondary infections.<br />
At school age children should be rested at home first, in order to prevent the transmission of my friends at school. And may go back if keropengnya already dried up and his fever has gone down.<br />
Can be used antipyretic drugs to reduce fever, but you should avoid using aspirin, because it can cause Reye's syndrome.<br />
To relieve itching and prevent scratching, the skin should be cold compressed. Can also be applied calamine lotions, antihistamines or other lotions containing menthol or phenol<br />
<br />
To reduce the risk of bacterial infection, you should:<br />
<br />
1. The skin is washed frequently with soap and water<br />
2. Maintain hand hygiene<br />
3. Puku cut short<br />
4. Clothes stay dry and clean.<br />
5. Sometimes given drugs to reduce itching (antihistamines).<br />
6. If there is a bacterial infection, given antibiotics.<br />
7. If the case is severe, can be given anti-viral drug acyclovir.<br />
<br />
Anti-viral drugs may be given to children older than 2 years. Acyclovir is usually given to teenagers, because teenagers are more severe disease. Asikloir can reduce the severity of the disease if given within wakatu 24 hours after the first appearance of the rash.<br />
Alernatif other drugs, namely: Famciclovir, valacyclovir, and interferon vidarabin<br />
<br />
Complication<br />
Children usually recover from chickenpox without any problems. But in adults and people with immune system disorders, infections can be severe or even fatal.<br />
The complications that can be found on chicken pox are:<br />
* Pneumoniakarena virus<br />
* Inflammation of heart<br />
* Inflammation of joints<br />
* Inflammation of the liver<br />
* Encephalitis (brain infection)<br />
* Reye's Syndrome<br />
* Purpura<br />
* Bacterial infections (erysipelas, pyoderma, impetigo bullosa).<br />
Diagnosis<br />
Diagnosis based on typical skin rash (macules, papules, vesicles and scab).<br />
Investigations<br />
Examination of leukocyte mennjukkan usually normal results, low, or increased slightly. Multinucleated giant cells on Tzanck smear examination of skin blisters. Positive results on the examination of tissue culture.<br />
Prevention<br />
To prevent chicken pox are given a vaccine. To the people who have never had chicken pox vaccination and are at higher risks of complications (eg people with immune system disorders), can be given immunoglobulin zoster or varicella-zoster immunoglobulin.<br />
Varicella vaccine is usually given to children aged 12-18 months.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div>Healthy Livinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13765618353644060052noreply@blogger.com5